Hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Composition, yam ntxwv, lub hom phiaj

2024 Tus sau: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-19 16:10

Antifreeze (los ntawm lus Askiv "freeze") yog ib lo lus sib sau ua ke rau cov kua tshwj xeeb tsim los rau cov chav txias txias uas ua kom sov thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm - cov tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv, cov nroj tsuag muaj, twj, thiab lwm yam thaum ua haujlwm qis dua xoom. Muaj ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv kuj txawv. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kua dej no yog qhov chaw txias txias thiab qhov kub kub kub. Hauv cov cav tsheb, cov kua dej zoo li no tau siv. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias antifreeze tsis nyob mus ib txhis. Nws yuav tsum tau hloov ntawm lub sijhawm rau lub sijhawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij so. Hmoov tsis zoo, ntau tus tswv tsheb tsis quav ntsej cov txheej txheem zoo li no lossis sau dab tsi los ntawm tes. Lub caij no, qhov no yog ib lub ntsiab lus dav heev uas nws yuav tsum nkag siab thiab paub txog qhov kev xav ntawm kev xaiv lub coolant. Ua ntej koj txiav txim siab seb qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog dab tsi, koj yuav tsum kawm kom paub meej tias nws yog dab tsi thiab qhov txias txias yog dab tsi.

Coj qhov systemInternal combustion engine

Raws li lub npe cuam tshuam, vim yog cov txheej txheem tshwm sim hauv lub cev muaj zog, nws ua kom sov. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau txias. Nws yog nqa tawm los ntawm txoj kev ntawm kev ncig ntawm lub coolant. Nws txav los ntawm cov channel tshwj xeeb. Yog li dab tsi yog antifreeze thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas?

Cov kua, dhau los ntawm cov channel, ua kom sov, thiab tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, uas nws txias. Tom qab ntawd, lub voj voog rov ua dua. Antifreeze circulates tas li nyob rau hauv siab, uas yog muab los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis tshwj xeeb.

Lub Hom Phiaj ntawm coolant

Ib lub kua tshwj xeeb yog siv los tshem tawm cov cua sov ntawm lub cav. Ntxiv rau qhov txias, nws kuj sib npaug ntawm qhov kub ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cav. Cov kab uas dhau los ntawm cov dej txias tuaj yeem ua rau txhaws nrog cov deposits thiab xeb dhau sijhawm. Hauv qhov chaw zoo li no, lub cav yuav ua kom sov ntau dua. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub tshuab cua txias tawg, warping ntawm lub tog raj kheej taub hau feem ntau tshwm sim.

Lub luag haujlwm thib ob ntawm SOD yog qhov cua sov ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb thiab lub throttle los ua ke. Yog li, lub qhov cub muaj nyob rau hauv chav tsev txias thiab yog nws qhov tseem ceeb. Ua ntej lub advent ntawm nto moo antifreeze, cov dej zoo tib yam yog poured rau hauv lub txias system. Tab sis nws muaj ob peb shortcomings. Ua ntej, cov kua dej khov ntawm 0 degrees thiab nthuav dav, rhuav tshem cov cam khwb cia hlau lub tog raj kheej. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub USSR nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tso dej los ntawm lub system txhua txhua hmo thaum lub caij txias.cua txias. Qhov thib ob, cov kua boils ntawm 100 degrees. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, cov motors tsis kub txog li qhov kub thiab txias hauv ib txwm muaj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv highlands, xws li boiling yog tsis tshua muaj. Qhov thib peb qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov dej yog tias nws txhawb corrosion. Cov kav dej txias thiab cov kav dej hauv lub cav ua haujlwm xeb, thiab lawv cov thermal conductivity deteriorated.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Yog li dab tsi yog antifreeze? Yooj yim, nws muaj ob yam:

• Basics.
• Ntaus complex.

Lub hauv paus yog dej-glycol muaj pes tsawg leeg (thiab nws tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nws yog). Lub peev xwm tsis khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, fluidity, thiab lub peev xwm kub tshwj xeeb nyob ntawm nws. Cov feem ntau ntawm cov coolant yog ethylene glycol. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov sib xyaw nrog dej kuj tseem txhawb nqa kev txhim kho corrosion ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov cua txias. Tab sis ua li cas txog qhov xwm txheej zoo li no? Rau qhov no, additives yog ntxiv rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub hauv paus. Nws yog ib tug complex ntawm antifoaming, stabilizing thiab anticorrosive Cheebtsam. Tsis tas li ntawd, flavoring fragrances thiab dyes feem ntau ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Hom khoom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv

Cov khoom siv niaj hnub no tau muab faib ua ob hom - silicate thiab carboxylate. Qhov zoo-paub antifreeze belongs rau thawj hom raws li qhov pheej yig tshaj thiab ntau yam. Silicates yog lub ntsiab additive nyob rau hauv inorganic coolants. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj no yog tias lawv nyob ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov channel hauv lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov li qub. Yog li ntawd, nquaglub cev muaj zog overheating. Muaj lwm qhov teeb meem loj - cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog yuav tsum tau hloov pauv tsawg kawg 30 txhiab kilometers. Txwv tsis pub, yuav muaj cov cim qhia tseeb ntawm corrosion ntawm cov cua txias channel, uas yuav nyuaj rau kev daws teeb meem. Organic antifreezes tsuas muaj cov organic acids. Lub peculiarity ntawm cov additives yog hais tias lawv npog tsuas yog cov cheeb tsam nrog manifested corrosion. Vim li no, thermal conductivity ntawm cov cua txias raws xyaum tsis deteriorate. Lwm qhov kom zoo dua ntawm cov organic antifreeze yog lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Cov khoom siv tau txog li 150 txhiab mais lossis txog li tsib xyoos.

Kev faib tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Tam sim no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem tsuas yog peb hom: G11, G12 thiab G13 (raws li kev faib tawm ntawm General Motors USA) - raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom ntxiv hauv lawv. Chav Kawm G11 - pib, nrog cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm cov khoom siv tsis zoo thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm qis. Cov kua dej no haum rau lub tsheb thiab tsheb thauj khoom.

Antifreeze ntawm pab pawg no feem ntau muaj xim ntsuab lossis xiav. Nws yog rau cov chav kawm no uas antifreeze ntau hauv peb lub teb chaws tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi. Chav Kawm G12 yog hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb. Cov tshuaj muaj xws li cov organic additives (carboxylate thiab ethylene glycol). Xws li antifreeze yog npaj tsuas yog rau cov tsheb loj thiab niaj hnub high-speed engine. Nws yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov hnyav uas yuav tsum tau ua kom txias siab tshaj plaws.

Muaj xim liab lossis liab. Chav Kawm G13ua antifreezes, qhov twg propylene glycol ua raws li lub hauv paus. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li no yog xim los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom hauv daj lossis txiv kab ntxwv. Nws cov yam ntxwv feature yog tias, thaum tso tawm rau hauv ib puag ncig sab nraud, nws sai sai decomposes rau hauv cov khoom, tsis zoo li ethylene glycol. Yog li, cov khoom ntawm pawg 13th yog ntau tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig.

Xaiv hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Antifreeze, raws li twb tau hais lawm, yuav zoo dua nrog kev nce hauv chav kawm. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis tsim nyog txuag rau nws: kim dua txhais tau tias zoo dua. Ntxiv rau cov chav kawm, muaj lwm qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov no yog npaj txhij-rau-siv kua thiab concentrates. Cov qub tuaj yeem raug pom zoo rau cov neeg tsav tsheb tshiab, thaum cov kws kho tsheb muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem sim nrog cov concentrates. Lawv yuav tsum tau diluted nrog dej distilled rau qhov kev faib ua feem.

Xaiv hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Vim lub fact tias cov coolants yog ib tug tsim nyog consumable khoom ntawm ib tug internal combustion engine, muaj ntau manufacturers ntawm cov khoom no. Ntawm cov feem ntau yog ob peb lub tuam txhab. Hauv peb lub tebchaws, cov no yog: Felix, Alaska, Sintek. Cov khoom no yog qhov sib npaug tshaj plaws ntawm tus nqi-zoo piv. Felix antifreezes yog nyob rau hauv chav kawm G12, uas nthuav dav lawv cov kev siv tau zoo. Cov khoom "Alaska" muaj feem xyuam rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (chav kawm G11, nrog cov tshuaj inorganic additives).

Nyob ntawm cov kev xaiv, "Alaska" tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv qhov kub thiab txias: ntawm -65 txog 50 degrees (arctic thiab tropical muaj pes tsawg leeg). Tau kawg, chav kawm G11 imposesqee qhov kev txwv ntawm cov kav dej ntawm cov kua thiab nws cov khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi kev ywj pheej yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Sintec cov khoom lag luam yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm G12. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li no yog qhov zoo rau txhua lub cav niaj hnub no. Cov additives nyob rau hauv cov khoom no yog proprietary, proprietary formulations uas tiv thaiv deposits thiab corrosion nyob rau hauv lub sab hauv ntawm lub txias system.

Muaj ntau hom

Ob peb lo lus yuav tsum tau hais txog kev sib xyaw ntau hom tshuaj txias. Muaj ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab lawv cov kev sib raug zoo, hmoov tsis zoo, nyhav rau xoom. Yog li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov khoom sib txawv.

Qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem sib txawv heev, mus txog kev puas tsuaj rau cov kav dej roj hmab ntawm cov cua txias thiab txhaws ntawm cov channel hauv lub cav thaiv. Nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub ncuav dej rau hauv lub tshuab tsim los ua hauj lwm nrog antifreeze. Txij li thaum nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj cua sov loj, cov yam ntxwv thermal ntawm cov cua txias yuav hloov. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, vim lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab muaj cov khoom siv ntxiv, muaj cov khoom siv lubricating, thiab thaum siv dej, cov twj tso kua mis dej yuav deteriorate ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov. Qhov phem tshaj, yog tias tom qab dej, ncuav antifreeze dua. Tom qab ntawd nws, cuam tshuam nrog cov ntsev uas sawv tawm ntawm dej, yuav pib ua npuas dej. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav raug nyem tawm ntawm qhov khoob me me thiab xau. Qhov no tshwm sim nrog ib qho coolant (nws tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib xyaw).

Antifreeze raws li qhov taw qhia ntawm kev mobtsheb

Qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub tshuab ua kom txias hauv lub cav tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ncaj qha raws li qhov taw qhia ntawm lub tshuab ua kom zoo thiab ib nrab qhia txog nws cov kev mob. Yog hais tias cov khoom yog tsaus thiab pos huab, nrog ib tug kab ntawm sediment nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub expansion tank, ces lub tsheb tsis yog tsuas yog nrog high mileage, tab sis kuj muaj cov cim qhia ntawm kev saib xyuas tsis zoo.

Tus tswv saib xyuas thiab saib xyuas yuav tsis ncua sijhawm hloov lub coolant mus rau qhov kawg.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsheb nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qhov txias txias

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tawg, kev saib xyuas kom txias yog qhov tsim nyog. Thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm, antifreeze, ua nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb, hloov cov cua sov los ntawm lub cav mus rau lub radiator, deteriorates lub sij hawm. Txawm siv hom twg los xij. Thiab cov khoom ntawm antifreeze kuj hloov raws sijhawm. Ntxiv nrog rau kev saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm cov kua dej nws tus kheej, ib tus yuav tsum tsis txhob pom qhov system nws tus kheej. Nws yuav tsum raug kaw kiag li. Cov pa pa los yog cua yuav tsum tsis txhob nqus rau hauv nws. Cov tsos ntawm xws li nyob rau hauv lub txias system entails ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub conducting zog. Yog li ntawd, lub tshuab sai overheats, ua rau lub tog raj kheej taub hau. Lub cev muaj zog yuav luag dhau kev kho.

Yog li, peb pom cov hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab lawv cov kev sib raug zoo nrog ib leeg.