Tsheb kawg tsav: hom, hom phiaj

2024 Tus sau: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-19 16:10

Raws li koj paub, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub cav yog tsim kom muaj zog, tom qab ntawd cov haujlwm raug xa los ntawm lub clutch mus rau lub thawv. Cov no yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv txhua lub tsheb. Tab sis ob peb tus neeg xav txog yuav ua li cas lub torque yog txuas ntxiv mus rau lub log. Cov ntaub ntawv yuav pab tau rau txhua tus neeg tsav tsheb.

yam ntxwv thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm lub ntsiab iav

Yog li, qhov txheej txheem no yog dab tsi? Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsheb yog muab kev sib txuas lus ntawm kev sib kis thiab cov tsav tsheb. Nws muaj nws tus kheej gear ratio, thiab structurally nws yog ib tug iav reducer. Nrog rau qee yam iav piv, nws nce lub cav torque thiab txo qhov ceev ntawm lub log tsav.

Nws nyob qhov twg?

Feem ntau cov tsheb tsav pem hauv ntej muaj qhov kawg tsav ua rau hauv lub gearbox. Kuj tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm no. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub cev. Lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsheb KamAZ thiab lwm lub tsheb tsav tsheb yog nyob hauv tus choj.

Elementkaw nrog lub tsev tshwj xeeb - cov khoom ntim khoom, uas tsis yog tsuas yog ib lub thawv nrog qhov sib txawv, tab sis kuj axles shafts.

Hom thiab tsim

Yog li, xav txog cov hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsheb. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej-log tsav tsheb, qhov twg lub cev muaj zog nrog lub thawv yog muab tso rau transversely txheeb ze rau lub cev, ib tug cylindrical tsim yog siv. Qhov kev sib kis no muaj zog nrog chevron thiab oblique hniav. Yog hais tias peb tham txog lub iav piv, nws muaj peev xwm nyob ntawm 3.5 mus rau 4.2. Yog hais tias daim duab no nce, qhov no yuav ua rau tsis tsuas yog nce nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntev ntawm cov qauv, tab sis kuj mus rau ib tug nce nyob rau hauv lub suab nrov theem.

Cov iav niaj hnub siv ob lossis peb qhov tso zis tawm. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej qhov kawg tsav iav. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv muaj kev koom tes nrog ib tug, tsav. Yog li, cov iav tseem ceeb ntawm hom no tuaj yeem muaj ntau lub iav sib piv ib zaug. Raws li cov tswv yim no, robotic DSG lub thawv los ntawm Volkswagen kuj ua haujlwm.

RWD tsheb yuav siv cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Yog li, nws tuaj yeem ua conical, worm thiab hypoid. Cov hom zoo sib xws kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov log tsav tsheb, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog siv rau cov tsheb uas lub cav nyob nrog cov txheeb ze ntawm lub cev. Nyob rau niaj hnub crossovers, rear qag tuaj yeem tsav tau zoo li lub log pem hauv ntej tsav tsheb los ntawm kev sib txuas viscous. Tab sis qhov ntawd yog lwm zaj dab neeg.

Hypoid

Qhov no yog qhov nrhiav tau tshaj plaws tom qab hom tsav kawg ntawm lub tsheb. GAZ "Volga" kuj yog txawm peem rau nrog no gearbox. Ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm hom no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov suab nrov qis thiab qis qis ntawm cov hniav.

Txawm li cas los xij, lub iav hypoid muaj qhov tsis zoo. Yog li, vim qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog, kev sib txhuam nce thiab cov khoom tsim tau qis dua. Yog li ntawd, lub tsheb poob qee lub zog. Yog tias peb tham txog lub iav piv, nws txawv ntawm cov tsheb thiab cov tsheb thauj khoom. Hauv thawj kis, qhov ntsuas yog los ntawm 3.5 txog 4.5. Hauv qhov thib ob, nws yog 5 - 7.

Conical

Nws tau nquag siv thaum pib ntawm ib puas xyoo dhau los. Kev sib kis tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1913 los ntawm lub tuam txhab Gleason. Nws yog lub tuam txhab no uas tau tsim qhov kev koom tes nrog cov hniav ncig. Ntawm cov qauv tsim ntawm cov txheej txheem no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm lub zog tsav thiab lub hauv paus cones ntawm cov thawj coj nyob ntawm ib qho chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm ua yeeb yam ntawm lub zog ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo li no cuam tshuam qhov kev koom tes ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Raws li qhov no, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm tag nrho cov kabmob sib dhos, shafts thiab crankcase. Yog li, cov menyuam bearings nrog preload tau ntsia rau ntawm cov tsheb zoo li no, thiab lub vojvoog ntawm curvature ntawm cov hniav ntawm lub iav tsav yog tsawg dua li ntawm cov iav tsav. Qhov no tau ua los txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev koom tes raug.

Ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv no, nws tsim nyog sau cia qhov ua haujlwm siab. Kev poob thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsuas yog 2%, vim tias zawv zawg kev sib txhuam ntawm cov hniav me me. Tab sis vim muaj qhov tsis zoo tseem ceeb, hom kev sib kis no tsis siv los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom siv lawm vim nws qhov loj me thiab cov suab nrov tsis txaus ntseeg.

Khawv koob

Qhov no mechanism rauPiv nrog rau yav dhau los, nws muaj qhov loj me me; ntxiv rau, nws yog qhov ua haujlwm ntsiag to, txawm hais tias nws muaj qhov ua haujlwm qis, uas yog 90%. Cov iav iav yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tsim khoom, vim nws yuav tsum tau siv cov tin bronze rau lub nplhaib iav, yog li ntawm cov tsheb xws li iav tsuas yog siv rau hauv lub kauj, thiab txawm tias tsis tas li.

Tub

Tus iav piv puas tuaj yeem hloov kho? Qhov ntsuas no tuaj yeem hloov pauv tsuas yog los ntawm kev hloov lub iav reducer, uas yuav xav tau kev cuam tshuam hauv lub thawv lossis lub qag nram qab (nyob ntawm seb hom tsav tsheb). Hloov cov iav piv yog ib hom kev sib tw nrov uas tso cai rau koj kom muaj zog ntxiv yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub cav.

Yog li, lub tsheb nrawm dua, tab sis poob siab tshaj plaws. Yog hais tias koj siv lub ntsiab iav ntawm lub tsheb VAZ-2101 thiab nruab ib lub gearbox los ntawm "rau", koj yuav tau txais ib tug nce nyob rau hauv torque. Tom qab tag nrho, los ntawm lub Hoobkas, lub gearbox nrog tus lej 4, 2 yog muab tso rau ntawm "penny", thiab ntawm "rau" - 3, 9.

About differential

Nws yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib kis loj. Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv rau? Nws cuam tshuam nrog lub iav reducer. Structureally, lub rooj sib txoos (kawg iav nrog qhov sib txawv) muaj:

• tsav tsheb.
• Ib nrab axles.
• Tsav iav.
• Satellites.
• Gear axles.

Nws yog tsim los faib torque ntawm lub qag ncej ntawm lub log thaum tig lub tsheb. Differential tso cailog kom tig ntawm qhov sib txawv angular speeds. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub log tig tsis tau swb, uas ua rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb dua (tshwj xeeb yog lub caij ntuj no), tshem tawm txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm skidding.

Hauv lwm lo lus, qhov sib txawv ntawm lub driveshaft tso nyiaj rau 100% ntawm lub zog. Lub zog tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob qho tib si, hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 50 txog 50 (uas tshwm sim nrog cov lus tsa suab), thiab hauv lwm qhov sib piv. Nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm txoj kev, ib lub log tuaj yeem muaj los ntawm 0 txog 100% ntawm torque. Raws li txoj cai, kev sib tw loj tshwm sim thaum tsav tsheb ntawm qhov chaw ntxhib lossis hauv daus.

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm torque tis, ob lub zog ntawm satellites thiab ib nrab shafts koom nrog. Lawv tau lubricated nyob rau hauv ib qho "da dej" ntawm lub crankcase nrog iav roj, uas ib feem ua lub luag hauj lwm ntawm txias qhov chaw, txij li thaum cov hniav tas li txhuam ib leeg.

Qee tus neeg txhob txwm tshaj tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub log tsav tsheb kom yooj yim dua. Yog li, torque yeej ib txwm muab faib rau hauv qhov sib piv 50/50. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov log tsheb tsis sib xws, vim lawv ib txwm plam thaum hla.

Kuj tseem nco ntsoov tias ntawm qee lub tsheb neeg caij tsheb, lub ntsuas hluav taws xob sib txawv tau teeb tsa ua qhov kev xaiv ntxiv. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog kom lub tsheb tuaj yeem tawm ntawm cov av nkos lossis daus poob. Ib lub xauv zoo sib xws muaj nyob rau txhua qhov SUVs yam tsis muaj kev zam.

Zoo kawg

Yog li, peb pom tias lub ntsiab iav yog dab tsi. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, nws txoj haujlwm tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kev sib kis. Cov kab ke no ua rau muaj kev sib hloov ntawm lub log ntau dua, tab sis tib lub sijhawm khaws cov khoom ntawm lub thawv thiab lub cav. Niaj hnub no, ob lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog siv. Yog hais tias peb tham txog lub rear-wheel tsav tsheb, nws yog hypoid, yog hais tias peb tham txog pem hauv ntej-log tsav tsheb, nws yog cylindrical.