YaMZ-238 cav: specifications. Diesel cav rau cov tsheb hnyav

Cov txheej txheem:

YaMZ-238 cav: specifications. Diesel cav rau cov tsheb hnyav
YaMZ-238 cav: specifications. Diesel cav rau cov tsheb hnyav
Anonim

Diesel xyaw nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no tau nruab rau hauv tsheb thauj khoom, tsheb laij teb, tsheb ua liaj ua teb thiab tsheb laij teb. Cov analogue ntawm lub tuam txhab txawv teb chaws yog YaMZ-238. Nws tau nruab rau ntawm cov tsheb uas paub zoo xws li MAZ, KRAZ, KAMAZ, ZIL, DON, K-700 thiab lwm yam tsheb. Ntawm chav kawm, pib lub cev muaj zog yog npaj rau cov khoom ntawm Minsk Automobile Plant. Tab sis dhau sij hawm, nws tau ua pov thawj tias YaMZ-238 lub cav, uas nws cov yam ntxwv zoo siab, yog lub cav diesel zoo tshaj plaws hauv USSR thiab tom qab-Soviet qhov chaw, thiab tuaj yeem sib tw nrog cov npe nrov xws li MAN thiab DAF.

yamz 238 engine specifications
yamz 238 engine specifications

cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

YaMZ-238 hloov lub tshuab tsis tu ncua YaAZ-204 thiab YaAZ 206. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub 50s los ntawm legendary Soviet designer G. D. Chernyshev, uas kuj yog tus sau ntawm YaMZ-236.

Lub cav no tau txais nws qhov chaw vim nws txoj kev ntseeg siab thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau tustsheb thiab tsheb laij teb. 65 xyoo tau dhau los txij li thaum tsim thawj lub cev muaj zog, thiab cov koob nrov ntawm cov cav no tsuas yog nce ntxiv. Kev yooj yim ntawm kev khiav lag luam, kho thiab txij nkawm ua rau YaMZ-238 yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau ntau lub tuam txhab ua liaj ua teb thiab kev tsim kho uas siv lub cav no hauv lawv lub tsheb.

yamz 238
yamz 238

Tau kawg, ntau xyoo ntawm kev txhim kho thiab kev siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, lub cav no tau txais ntau qhov kev hloov kho, tab sis cov qauv tsim tsis tau hloov pauv, tsuas yog hloov kho rau tag nrho cov qauv.

Specifications

Xav txog lub cav YaMZ-238, cav specifications.

Lub cav muaj V teeb tsa rau 8 lub tog raj kheej, uas tau teem rau hauv 2 kab. 16 li qub muab kev txhaj tshuaj zoo meej thiab tso pa tawm. Raws li ntawm 236th, lub piston stroke yog 140 hli, lub tog raj kheej txoj kab uas hla yog 130 hli. Lub tshuab ua kua txias ntawm lub cav YaMZ-238 muab cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws thiab tiv thaiv lub cav los ntawm kev kub dhau.

engine kho yamz 238
engine kho yamz 238

Lub ntim ua haujlwm yog 14, 866 liters, thiab lub zog, nyob ntawm qhov kev hloov kho, tuaj yeem yog 235-420 horsepower. Lub cav YaMZ-238, uas nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb tso cai rau qee qhov kev tsim lub zog mus txog 500 horsepower, yog ntsia tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov khoom pom zoo, tab sis kuj rau cov tsheb nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv tsim. Tsis tas li ntawd, turbocharging yog siv rau kev hloov kho tshiab, uas ua rau muaj kev ntseeg siab dua thiab kev sib tw thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

Device

TNVD YaMZ-238 yog lub twj tso kua mis roj uas tuaj yeem ua tauhu nws lub chaw nres tsheb roj. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub cev qhuav dej ntawm chav tsev fais fab thiab muab roj rau txhua lub tog raj kheej cais, thiab txhaj tshuaj ncaj qha.

Lub cav muaj ob lub taub hau thaiv, uas yog ua los ntawm cov hlau cam. Lub camshaft yog hlau, tsim siv tshuab stamping. Lub zog tseem ceeb yog ua los ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia, thiab lub crankshaft yog tsim los ntawm cov tawv tawv tawv los ntawm kev tig.

Qhov kev txhaj tshuaj yog tsim los kom YaMZ-238 txhaj tshuaj twj tso kua mis muab roj nyob rau hauv siab rau cov tshuaj txhaj tshuaj uas ua rau txhaj tshuaj. Cov khoom siv roj rau ntawm lub cav no yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov qib siab tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Hom kab ke no yog plunger, muaj lub centrifugal clutch, uas yog kho tus kheej.

Cov pistons yog cam khwb cia los ntawm high-zog aluminium, uas tso cai rau lawv tsis txhob tawg nyob rau hauv hnyav loads. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj 1 roj scraper nplhaib thiab 3 compression rings.

Lub cav YaMZ-238, uas nws cov yam ntxwv thiab kev tsim yog txhim khu kev qha thiab yooj yim, muaj peev xwm ntawm 800 txhiab km, thiab nrog kev tu kom zoo, ib tus tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1 lab km.

Txhim kho rau lwm lub tsheb

Lub cav YaMZ-238, uas nws cov yam ntxwv zoo siab, tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau lwm lub tsheb. Yog li, cargo, kev tsim kho thiab kev ua liaj ua teb machinery tau raug hloov pauv. Piv txwv li, KAMAZ nrog lub cav YaMZ-238 tau ua pov thawj tias nws zoo heev, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo tau roj noj, tsis zoo li qub Kama cav.

KAMAZ engine Yamz 238
KAMAZ engine Yamz 238

Tau kawg, ntau lub tsheb yuav tsum tau rov ua duafasteners ntawm lub hwj chim unit, nruab lwm lub gearbox, tab sis tag nrho cov no yog tsim nyog thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm thiab kho.

Kho

Kho lub cav YaMZ-238 yog qhov yooj yim heev yog tias koj muab rau cov kws tshaj lij hauv daim teb no. Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tseem yog kev tshawb nrhiav cov khoom seem, tab sis ntau lub tuam txhab muab sijhawm rau koj xaiv los ntawm ntau yam. Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm kev kub ntxhov, tus nqi nce, tab sis tsawg dua rau cov tsav tsheb txawv teb chaws.

Cav txias system YaMZ 238
Cav txias system YaMZ 238

Cia peb xav txog qhov twg cov khoom seem hloov pauv ntau dua thaum kho lub cav YaMZ-238. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb hauv qhov no kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, vim muaj ntau tiam neeg ntawm lub cev muaj zog, thiab yog li ntawd muaj qee qhov sib txawv. Yog li, cia peb sau cov npe khoom seem:

  1. Crankshaft thiab camshaft roj foob.
  2. Bearing to/shaft.
  3. lub tes tsho khoom siv (piston, tus pin, lub tes tsho, ntiv nplhaib).
  4. Txoj hlua txuas txuas.
  5. Ncua tseg thiab nqus tau li qub.
  6. Valve seats.
  7. Valve seals.
  8. Internal thiab txuas pas nrig bearings.
  9. Filters.
  10. Butter.
  11. khoom siv gasket.
  12. Thiab lwm cov ntsiab lus me me.

Thaum kho, lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab crankshaft feem ntau yog dhuav kom haum rau qhov kho qhov ntev, thiab lub tog raj kheej lub taub hau dav hlau yog hauv av. Tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm kev kho dua tshiab YaMZ-238 yog kwv yees li 80,000-100,000 rubles, nyob ntawm thaj av thiab xaiv cov khoom seem. Nws yog pheej yig dua yuav lub cav tshiab.

Kev kho mob

Kev pabcuam YaMZ-238 lub cav (uas nws cov yam ntxwv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo) yog qhov yooj yim heev thiab yooj yim. Yog li, tsis tu ncua hloov cov roj thiab cov ntxaij lim dej yuav tso cai rau tsis tsuas yog tsim kom muaj kev ua haujlwm puv ntoob, tab sis kuj muaj qee kis kom dhau nws. Xav txog dab tsi yuav tsum tau hloov thaum lub sij hawm tu ib txwm:

  • Roj hauv ntim ntawm 25 litres. Qhov no npaum li cas yog poured rau hauv lub cev muaj zog. Los ntawm txoj kev, lubricants xws li M10G2K thiab M10DM yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau lub cav diesel.
  • Roj lim. Nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim thiab kev hloov kho, nws tuaj yeem yog qhov sib txawv thiab ntau hom.
  • Roj lim uas yuav tsum tau hloov, raws li qhov zoo ntawm cov roj hauv tsev tawm ntau qhov xav tau.
  • Kho cov khoom siv rau cov khoom siv ntxhib thiab ntxuav kom zoo.

Qee zaum, yuav tsum tau nyeem cov tshuaj txhaj tshuaj thiab lub twj tso kua mis siab.

Pom zoo: