Automotive generator stator: piav qhia, txoj cai ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab daim duab

2024 Tus sau: Erin Ralphs | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-19 16:10

Tsis muaj lub tsheb niaj hnub tuaj yeem "nyob" yam tsis muaj khoom siv hluav taws xob. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws muaj ib tug sib npaug zos tivthaiv uas yuav pab tau rau tsim hluav taws xob thaum lub tsheb tsiv. Nov yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator.

nws yog rau dab tsi, nws lub hom phiaj yog dab tsi thiab ua haujlwm tsis zoo yuav ua li cas? Peb yuav tham txog qhov no thiab lwm yam hauv kab lus no.

khoom siv hluav taws xob tsheb

Txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm ib lub tsheb yog sawv cev los ntawm cov khoom hauv qab no:

• Power sources:
• roj teeb;
• generator.
• Cov neeg siv hluav taws xob:
• basic;
• long;
• short-term.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub roj teeb yog muab cov neeg siv khoom tam sim no thaum lub cav "so", thaum nws pib lossis ua haujlwm ntawm qhov nrawm. Thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob, qhov tseeb, yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog siv zog rau txhua tus neeg siv khoom xwb, tab sis kuj tseem them lub roj teeb.

Nws lub peev xwm, ua ke nrog lub zog ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm txhua tus neeg siv khoom, tsis hais lub cav ua haujlwm li cas. Hauv lwm lo lus, lub zog sib npaug yuav tsum tau khaws cia tas li. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb kom paub, vim nws yuav pab koj nkag siab tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator ua haujlwm li cas.

Cov neeg siv khoom tseem ceeb suav nrog cov roj siv hluav taws xob, suav nrog kev txhaj tshuaj, hluav taws xob, kev tswj hwm, tsis siv neeg kis. Qee lub tsheb muaj lub zog hluav taws xob. Ntawd yog, txhua yam uas niaj hnub siv tam sim no, txij li pib lub cav kom nres nws.

Cov neeg siv khoom ntev yog cov tshuab uas tsis siv ntau zaus. Thiab qhov no yog teeb pom kev zoo, kev ruaj ntseg (passive, nquag), cua sov thiab cua txias li. Cov tsheb feem ntau yog nruab nrog cov tshuab tiv thaiv tub sab, khoom siv multimedia thiab navigation.

Raws li cov neeg siv khoom siv sijhawm luv luv, cov no yog cov luam yeeb sib dua, pib lub cev, lub teeb ntsaws, teeb liab, nrog rau kev nplij siab.

Tsim nta

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj nyob hauv txhua lub tsheb thiab muaj cov khoom hauv qab no:

• stator;
• rotor;
• txhuam pob;
• rectifier unit.

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator thiab txhua yam yog sib sau ua ke rau hauv ib qho kev sib cog lus uas tau teeb tsa nyob ze rau lub cav thiab yog siv los ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm lub crankshaft, uas siv txoj siv sia siv.

Lub hom phiaj ua haujlwm

Tus stator yog ib qho ruaj khov ntawm tag nrhoqauv thiab tsau nyob rau hauv lub generator vaj tse. Nyob rau hauv lem, muaj ib tug ua hauj lwm winding nyob rau hauv nws, thiab thaum lub sij hawm lub lag luam ntawm lub generator, nws yog nyob rau hauv nws uas hluav taws xob awakens. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tam sim no hloov pauv, thiab txhua tus neeg siv khoom xav tau qhov hluav taws xob ncaj qha. Kev hloov pauv (rectification, thiaj li hais lus) tshwm sim ua tsaug rau lub rectifier unit.

Ntawm cov dej num tseem ceeb ntawm stator yog lub luag haujlwm nqa los tuav lub zog ua haujlwm. Nws kuj xyuas kom meej qhov raug faib ntawm cov kab hlau nplaum. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, kev ua haujlwm winding tuaj yeem kub heev. Thiab ntawm no muaj lwm yam tseem ceeb sib npaug los ua si - kev tshem tawm cov cua sov ntau dhau los ntawm cua.

Raws li txoj cai, txhua lub tsheb niaj hnub siv tib hom stator tsim.

Stator ntaus ntawv

Tus tsim ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom hauv qab no:

• ring core;
• ua haujlwm winding;
• insulated winding.

Cia peb saib kom ze ntawm cov khoom no.

Coj. Cov no yog cov nplhaib nplhaib, nyob rau sab hauv uas muaj grooves rau qhov chaw ntawm winding. Kev sib txuas ntawm daim hlau yog nruj heev, thiab ua ke lawv tsim ib lub npe hu ua pob. Lub rigidity ntawm cov qauv monolithic yog muab los ntawm vuam lossis riveting.

Rau cov khoom siv ntawm cov phaj, cov qib tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hlau lossis ferroalloys yog siv, uas yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov muaj qee yam sib nqus permeability. Lawv thickness yog li ntawm 0.8 mus rau 1 hli. Rau qhov zoo dua tshav kub dissipationCov tav tau muab, uas nyob rau sab nraud ntawm stator.

Qhia. Raws li txoj cai, tsheb siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob peb-theem, qhov twg muaj peb windings, ib qho rau txhua theem. Rau lawv cov khoom siv, tooj liab hlau yog siv, uas yog them nrog cov khoom siv insulating. Nws txoj kab uas hla yog 0.9-2 hli, thiab nws haum rau hauv cov grooves ntawm cov tub ntxhais hauv ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb.

Txhua tus stator windings ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob VAZ (lossis lwm hom) muaj qhov tshem tawm tam sim no. Raws li txoj cai, tus naj npawb ntawm cov lus xaus no tsis tshaj 3 lossis 4. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov stators uas muaj 6 cov lus xaus. Ntxiv mus, txhua qhov winding muaj nws tus lej pins rau qee yam kev sib txuas.

rwb thaiv tsev. Rwb thaiv tsev yog muab tso rau hauv txhua qhov zawj ntawm lub hauv paus txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Qee zaum, tshwj xeeb insulating wedges tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv cov grooves kom txhim khu kev txhim kho ntawm cov winding.

Lub stator yog impregnated nrog epoxy resins lossis varnishes. Qhov no yog ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees thiab lub zog ntawm tag nrho cov qauv monolithic, uas tshem tawm cov kev hloov ntawm winding lem. Cov hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo kuj tseem txhim kho.

Tus stator ua haujlwm li cas?

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm stator, thiab yog li ntawd tag nrho chav tsev (lub tshuab hluav taws xob), ntawm txhua lub tsheb niaj hnub no yog ua raws li ib qho tshwm sim uas paub txog peb txhua tus los ntawm lub sijhawm kawm physics. Lawv feem ntau hais txog cov ntsiab lus xws li generator, rotor, stator. Peb tab tom tham txog electromagnetic induction. Nws essence yogTom ntej: Thaum twg tus neeg xyuas pib txav mus rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov hlau nplaum, ces ib qho tam sim no yug hauv nws.

Los yog tus neeg xyuas pib (stator) tuaj yeem nyob hauv qhov chaw sib nqus sib nqus (rotor). Txoj cai no yog siv nyob rau hauv automotive generators. Thaum lub cav pib, lub tshuab hluav taws xob rotor pib tig. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm lub roj teeb mus txog qhov ua haujlwm winding. Thiab txij li thaum lub rotor yog ib tug ntau-ncej steel core, thaum voltage yog siv rau lub winding, nws yog ib tug electromagnet.

Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm lub rotor, ib qho chaw sib nqus sib nqus yog tsim, cov kab ntawm lub zog ntawm lub stator. Thiab ntawm no los txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm "tus neeg xyuas pib". Nws pib faib cov magnetic teb nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb, thiab nws cov kab ntawm quab yuam hla lub lem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm winding. Thiab vim electromagnetic induction, ib tug tam sim no tshwm sim, uas yog tshem tawm los ntawm lub stator terminals. Tom ntej no, cov txiaj ntsig hloov hluav taws xob tau muab rau hauv chav tsev rectifier.

Ib qho tsuas yog nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov kiv puag ncig ntawm lub crankshaft, qhov tam sim no yog ib feem ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator winding mus rau rotor winding. Yog li, lub tshuab hluav taws xob nkag mus rau hauv tus kheej-excitation hom, thiab nws tsis xav tau qhov chaw thib peb qhov hluav taws xob ntxiv lawm.

Main stator tsis ua haujlwm

Raws li txoj cai, lub ntsiab stator tsis ua haujlwm yog:

1. "Qhib" ntawm kev ua haujlwm winding.
2. Kev muaj luv luv.

Tus yam ntxwv kos npe los ntawm qhov uas ib tus tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis raug ntawm lub stator yog qhov poob ntawm qhov them tam sim no. Qhov no tej zaum yuav qhia tau los ntawm ib tug unlit roj teeb paug qhia.tom qab pib lub cav. Lub koob voltmeter yuav nyob ze rau thaj tsam liab.

Thaum ntsuas lub roj teeb hluav taws xob thaum lub cav khiav, qhov hluav taws xob yuav tsawg dua li qhov xav tau. Rau lub roj teeb nws tus kheej, qhov no tsawg kawg yog 13.6 V, thiab rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob - 37.3701 V. Qee zaum, nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug luv luv Circuit Court rau windings, koj yuav hnov tus yam ntxwv howl emitted los ntawm lub generator.

Thaum lub tsheb ua haujlwm, lub tshuab hloov pauv tuaj yeem kub thiab raug hluav taws xob thauj khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov xwm txheej sab nraud. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, qhov no inevitably ua rau ib tug deterioration nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub windings, vim hais tias cov hluav taws xob breakdowns tshwm sim. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem los ntawm kev kho (rewinding lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator) lossis los ntawm kev hloov nws tag nrho.

Tshuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm stator

Qee tus pib muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntau ntxiv txog cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas koj tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas seb txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob puas ua haujlwm. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav xav tau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb me me hauv daim ntawv multimeter (feem ntau yog tseshka). Koj tuaj yeem siv autotester lossis lwm yam khoom siv uas muaj hom ohmmeter. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, 12 V lub teeb nrog cov xov hlau soldered rau nws yuav ua.

Ua ntej tshaj, nws tsim nyog tshem lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm lub tsheb thiab disassemble nws. Nyob ntawm lub hom ntawm lub tsheb, tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem, vim hais tias ntawm ib co qauv ntawm lub Lexus hom, lub hwj chim qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib tug nyuaj mus cuag qhov chaw. Thaum mus txog lub stator thiab tshem tawm nws, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntxuav nws ntawm av. Tom ntej no, koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov chawpov thawj.

Qhia qhib Circuit Court

Yuav kuaj xyuas lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator li cas rau qhov qhib? Yuav pib nrog, nws tsim nyog xa cov cuab yeej ntsuas mus rau hom ohmmeter, tom qab ntawd peb nqa cov kev sojntsuam mus rau winding terminals. Thaum tsis muaj kev so, multimeter yuav qhia qhov muaj nuj nqis qis dua 10 ohms. Txwv tsis pub, cov ntawv nyeem yuav zoo li infinity. Yog li, tam sim no los ntawm winding tsis dhau, uas qhia tias muaj kev so. Yog li koj yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov lus xaus.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev siv lub teeb, peb xyuas nyob rau hauv raws li nram no. Yuav pib nrog, peb txuas lub davhlau ya nyob twg tsis zoo ntawm lub roj teeb nrog ib qho ntawm cov winding terminals nrog ib tug hlau (zoo dua insulated). Ntxiv rau, cov roj teeb tau pub rau lwm qhov tso zis los ntawm lub teeb. Nws lub teeb yuav qhia txog kev txiav txim tiav, tab sis yog tias lub teeb tsis teeb, ces yuav muaj kev tawg. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua nrog txhua qhov xaus.

Short circuit test

Tam sim no nws yog lub sijhawm los kuaj xyuas lub stator rau qhov luv luv. Hauv hom ohmmeter, peb nqa qhov kev sojntsuam tsis zoo rau lub tsev stator, thiab qhov kev sojntsuam zoo rau ib qho ntawm cov terminals ntawm kev ua haujlwm winding. Feem ntau, cov ntawv nyeem yuav tsum zoo li infinity. Rov ua cov txheej txheem rau txhua tus pins.

Nrog lub teeb pom kev zoo, lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator kos yog raws li hauv qab no:

• Peb txuas lub roj teeb rho tawm nrog cov xaim mus rau lub tsev stator.
• Lub davhlau ya nyob twg zoo yog pub rau txhua qhov tso zis los ntawm lub teeb.

Lub teeb qhov muag yuav qhia txog qhov luv luv. Yog tsis muaj hluav taws, ces txhua yam nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim.

Small note

Cov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo yog ib txwm tsis yog raulub tshuab hluav taws xob stator, qhov hluav taws xob tswj hluav taws xob, tus choj diode, thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob rotor tej zaum yuav tsis ntseeg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm stator muaj ntau tsawg dua li cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Yog li ntawd, ua ntej coj mus rau stator, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov voltage regulator thiab tus choj diode. Thiab yog hais tias lawv tig tawm mus rau hauv kev txiav txim zoo tag nrho, ces qhov kawg ua yog winding.

Rau kev ua haujlwm txhim khu kev qha ntawm txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub tsheb, kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua yuav tsum tau ua thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, tam sim ntawd hloov lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator. Tus nqi kawg yuav tsis zoo li siab npaum li thaum hloov tag nrho lub tshuab hluav taws xob.

Raws li tus nqi, tus nqi rau qhov tshiab pib ntawm 1,500 rubles nrog peb cov lus xaus. Cov khoom lag luam nrog rau 6 tus neeg yuav raug nqi ntau dua - 6-7 txhiab rubles, txawm hais tias muaj kev xaiv pheej yig dua. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua yam nyob ntawm hom tsheb.