Kev kuaj tus kheej thiab kho cov iav khiav ntawm lub tsheb
Kev kuaj tus kheej thiab kho cov iav khiav ntawm lub tsheb
Anonim

Lub chassis yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm txhua lub tsheb. Nws yog nws uas muab kev sib txuas ntawm lub tsheb lub cev thiab lub log. Cov cuab yeej no tau paub ua tsaug rau cov lus qhia thiab cov ntsiab lus elastic. Niaj hnub nimno automakers tau them nyiaj ntau dua rau kev nplij siab thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev ncua. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev paub dhau los, txawm tias nws yuav ntseeg tau npaum li cas, ntawm peb txoj kev lub chassis tawg sai heev. Kev txhaum yuav txawv heev. Tab sis yuav ua li cas kuaj xyuas, tswj thiab kho cov iav khiav ntawm lub tsheb? Peb yuav xav txog qhov no hauv peb tsab xov xwm niaj hnub no.

Dab tsi yog kuaj tau thaum MOT?

Feem ntau, thaum TO-1, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no raug kuaj:

  • Tiv thaiv roj hmab khau rau pob pob qij txha.
  • Txoj kev txhawb nqa lawv tus kheej rau kev thim rov qab.
  • log rau qhov tsis sib xws.
  • Ntawm lub tsheb qub, tshem tawm hauv huab tais pins.

Thaum TO-2 kuaj cov xwm txheej:

  • Pem hauv ntej log alignment.
  • Knuckle.
  • Caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntiv tes thiab stepladders (yog tias muaj los ntawm tus qauv tsimpendants).
  • Rubber sway bar.
  • roj hmab grommets.
  • Shock absorber elasticity.

Yog tias tsis pom qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo, lub tsheb khiav iav raug kho.

Kev tshuaj xyuas sab nraud

Txhawm rau kuaj xyuas tus kheej, thawj theem koj yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ncua sab nraud. Ua li no, nws yog ntshaw kom muaj lub qhov pom (lossis zoo dua - nqa). Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, koj tuaj yeem tsa lub tsheb nrog lub jack. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov khoom ncua kev kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam rau cov kab nrib pleb. Lawv yuav tsum tsis yog. Tsis tas li ntawd, feem ntau nrog kev sib tsoo loj nrog cov pits, lub caj npab raug tshem tawm. Vim li no, qee zaum nws tsis tuaj yeem teeb tsa lub log sib dhos, vim li ntawd, roj hmab raug kev txom nyem heev.

tsheb chassis kho
tsheb chassis kho

Nws tsim nyog them nqi rau lub nres hoses. Lawv feem ntau cuam tshuam txog kev nyab xeeb. Hoses feem ntau yog ob-txheej, tab sis yog tias lub sab nrauv puas lawm, nws twb tsim nyog xav txog kev hloov nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus no hloov pauv yog tias muaj cov kua dej ntws tawm.

Dab tsi tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas hauv pem hauv ntej ncua kev kawm?

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, kev mloog yog them rau leverage. Tam sim no feem ntau lub tsheb muaj kev ywj pheej ncua nrog MacPherson struts. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov blocks ntsiag to ntawm cov levers hnav tawm thiab ua si ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm cov bushings. Qhov no tuaj yeem raug kuaj xyuas nrog lub pob khawm los ntawm muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw thiab txav lub zog mus rau sab. Yog tias nws xoob thiab "taug kev", koj yuav tsum tau kho lub chassis ntawm lub tsheb. Feem ntau silent blocks hloov cais los ntawm levers. Rau qhov no roj hmab-hlaucov khoom raug nias tawm los ntawm qhov qub unscrewed lever thiab cov tshiab yog nias rau hauv lawv qhov chaw. Pob bearings kuj raug cuam tshuam. Lawv kuj hloov yog tias cov khau raj roj hmab puas rau lawv. Txawm hais tias tsis pom kev ua si, tab sis lub hau yog torn, qhov no yog qhov laj thawj los kho lub chassis ntawm lub tsheb. Ua li no, lub tsheb log yog dai tawm thiab lub pob sib koom yog unscrewed los ntawm lub mounts. Lawv tuaj yeem tau qaub, yog li khaws qee cov kua roj nplaum ua ke txhua lub sijhawm, nrog rau cov txhuam hlau kom txhuam tawm cov av.

About tsheb

Ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom, qhov kev ncua sab hauv yog txawv me ntsis. Nws siv cov nqaj pivot nrog semi-elliptical springs. Kev kho lub undercarriage ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom yog xav tau yog tias lub log hauv lub xeev raug tshem tawm pib txav ntawm ib sab mus rau sab. Cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem qhia ntau yam teeb meem ib zaug:

  • Nyob log bearing.
  • Teeb meem nrog lub tswv yim tswj.
  • Teeb meem nrog huab tais.

About the kingpins

Qhov kev ua tsis zoo no yog ib qho ntawm qhov mob hnyav tshaj plaws, txawm hais tias nws tau kuaj pom tsis tu ncua. Lub kingpin yog tsim los ntawm lub sij hawm thiab lub log pib ua si. Qhov teeb meem no nrog rau lub log tsheb tsis sib xws thiab kev tuav tsis zoo ntawm lub tsheb nws tus kheej.

tsheb chassis kho
tsheb chassis kho

Koj tuaj yeem hloov tus kingpin yam tsis tau tshem cov nqaj. Tab sis, raws li txoj cai, xws li kev ua haujlwm yog tso siab rau cov kws tshaj lij. Nws yog feem ntau tsis muaj peev xwm khob tawm ib tug qub kingpin yam tsis muaj cua sov. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws hloov pauv hauv khub, txawm tias tus neeg nyob sib ze yog qhov zoo.

Tsheb ncua

Yog hais tias peb tham txog tsheb, tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug semi-dependent beam los yog ib tug multi-link. Nyob rau hauv txoj cai, kev kho ntawm cov iav khiav ntawm lub tsheb tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntau zaus. Feem ntau lub tsheb ncua kev kawm pib xav tau kev saib xyuas tom qab 100-150 txhiab kilometers. Yog hais tias peb tham txog lub beam, nws yuav luag nyob mus ib txhis. Silent blocks mus ntau tshaj 200 txhiab. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug malfunction, lawv kuaj tau yooj yim heev - ib tug backlash tshwm. Tib yam siv rau cov txheej txheem sib txuas sib txuas. Cov levers raug kuaj nrog lub mount, nrog rau los ntawm pem hauv ntej. Yog tias muaj kev ua si (nws raug nquahu kom kuaj xyuas qhov no ntawm lub log uas raug tshem tawm tag nrho), yuav tsum tau kho lub chassis. VAZ tsheb ntawm classic qauv muaj "Panara" traction nyob rau tom qab. Nws tuaj yeem poob ntawm lub cev thaum lub sijhawm. Tab sis nws yooj yim los xyuas nws tus mob. Yog tias nws tsis txav mus deb ntawm lub cev, thiab tsis muaj qhov tawg ntawm cov ntsiab lus txuas, ces txhua yam nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim nrog nws.

Bearings

Nws tsim nyog hais txog lawv cais. Yog tias koj kov ntawm lub tsheb nrog MacPherson ncua kev kawm ntawv, nws tsim nyog suav nrog cov kabmob thrust ntxiv rau lub log bearings. Lawv raug ntsia rau saum cov khib nyiab thiab nyob hauv qab lub hood, ntawm qhov hu ua khob. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm lawv tias tag nrho cov shock load yog muab. Yog tias lawv ua tsis tiav, tus tsav tsheb hnov cov yam ntxwv nyem lub suab thaum tig sab laug lossis sab xis. Kev txhawb nqa bearing yog hloov nyias. Pom nws yooj yim - nws muab zais hauv qab lub hau yas lossis hlau.

khiav iav kho
khiav iav kho

Tshwj xeeb, kho thiab saib xyuas cov iav khiav ntawm lub tsheb suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas thiab hloov lub log bearings. Koj tuaj yeem paub txog lawv qhov tsis ua haujlwm los ntawm kev dai lub log, tig lub disk nroglos yog counterclockwise. Yog hais tias tus yam ntxwv rustle thiab hum yog pom, ces lub caij tau los ua unusable. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum cov kabmob tawg tag, lub log yuav ua si yog tias koj tuav ob txhais tes.

Lub tsheb hauv qab no kho li cas? Txhawm rau hloov lub log bearing, koj yuav xav tau lub ruber nrog ob lossis peb "paws", nrog rau lwm tus. Cov txheej txheem yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob peb theem:

  • Lub hub txiv ntoo yog loosened los ntawm qhov chaw uas qhov kev ua tsis tiav.
  • Dismanting lub log.
  • Yog hais tias qhov no yog lub qag nram qab, lub nruas nres npog yog disassembled (cov ntaub qhwv lawv tus kheej thiab cov hlua nyob hauv qhov chaw).
  • Lub hub raug tshem tawm nrog rau cov kabmob.
  • Lub caij qub yog rub tawm nrog lub rub.
  • Ib qho tshiab tau teeb tsa hauv nws qhov chaw. Lub rooj zaum tau ntxuav ua ntej ntawm cov av thiab lubricated nrog Litol.
  • Kev sib sau ua ke rov qab.
khiav iav kho
khiav iav kho

Thaum kho lub chassis, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau saib ob lub ntsiab lus:

  • Ntxig tus kabmob tshiab sib npaug rau hauv lub hub. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov distortions, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov clip ntawm qhov qub (nws ua raws li cov contours), nias lub caij los ntawm nws.
  • Tsis txhob overtighten hub txiv ntoo. Lub torque nruj yog tswj tus kheej thiab nyob rau hauv phau ntawv qhia. Yog li ntawd, lub log yuav tsum tig ywj siab, tab sis tib lub sijhawm yuav tsum tsis txhob ua si.

Shock absorbers

Kev kuaj mob thiab kho cov iav khiav ntawm lub tsheb,Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov poob siab absorbers. Ib qho cim qhia ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog cov roj streaks uas tuaj ntawm lub tog raj kheej raws li sab nrauv. Tab sis tej zaum nws yuav tsis pom ib txwm. Muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los kuaj xyuas cov khoom poob siab. Koj yuav tsum tau viav vias pem hauv ntej, thiab tom qab lub tsheb. Lub tshuab yuav tsum nres dhia rau zaum ob tom qab lub viav vias. Yog tias nws tseem "nod", ces cov shocks absorbers tsis ua lawv txoj haujlwm.

tsheb chassis kho
tsheb chassis kho

Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lawv ntawm kev mus. Tom qab accelerating mus rau 60-80 kilometers ib teev ntawm ib tug ca thiab deserted txoj kev, nres. Yog hais tias lub tsheb "pecks" poob qis, thiab tom qab nres nws sways ob peb zaug ntxiv, nws txhais tau hais tias pem hauv ntej shock absorbers tau ua tsis tau. Ntawm cov khoom siv tau, tsis muaj swaying yuav tsum tau pom. Tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej kev kho. Lub tsheb ntawm faulty shock absorbers yuav inexorably stray ntawm lub trajectory thiab tuav txoj kev uncertainly. Nyob rau ib kis, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau poob ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab kev sib tsoo.

Cov cim qhia kev tawg

Thaum lub sijhawm txav mus, tus neeg tsav tsheb yuav ntsib teeb meem xws li rub lub tsheb mus rau sab. Koj yuav tsum tau tsheb tavxij tas li, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ceev. Qhov no yuav qhia tau tias muaj ntau yam ua haujlwm tsis zoo:

  • Kev puas tsuaj rau lub siab poob siab absorber mount (ib txwm rau MacPherson ncua kev kawm ntawv).
  • Kev ua txhaum ntawm lub kauj tsheb ntiv taw lub kaum sab xis.
  • Deformation ntawm lub caj npab ncua kev kawm ntawv thiab tus ntoo khaub lig stabilizer.
khiav iav kho
khiav iav kho

Qhov tseem ceeb tom ntej uasqhia txog kev kho yuav los tom ntej, yog lub pob zeb ntawm lub cev thaum lub kaum sab xis thiab nres. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog ib qho malfunction ntawm bushings los yog anti-roll bar nws tus kheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov paib zoo sib xws tau pom thaum lub zog poob siab.

Kev vibration thaum braking qhia tias hnav ntawm cov brakes. Knocking thaum lub zog txav yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov roj hmab-hlau raug tshem tawm mounting ntsiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, knocks tshwm sim thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav so. Tab sis, raws li txoj cai, qhov kev ua tsis zoo no tau kuaj pom ua ntej lwm tus - tom qab tag nrho, lub tshuab yuav tig mus rau ib sab.

Lub npe hu ua ncua kev ncua hais tias:

  • Ncua caj npab malfunctions.
  • Txo qhov txhav ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab nws qhov tawg.
  • Hnav cov blocks ntsiag to thiab poob siab absorbers.

Kho lub iav khiav ntawm lub tsheb hauv SEAD

Ntau tus tswv tsheb nyiam tsis cuam tshuam rau kev kuaj mob thiab kho tus kheej. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tsheb kim, qhov twg cov iav khiav yog qhov nyuaj heev. Niaj hnub no muaj ntau cov kev pabcuam muab kev kuaj mob thiab kho kev ncua ntawm lub tsheb ntawm ntau hom.

kho tsheb
kho tsheb

Ib qho ntawm cov no yog Pekto-M tsheb kev pabcuam, nyob ntawm 1st Veshnyakovsky pr., 2, Moscow. Cov kev pabcuam muaj cov neeg siv khoom zoo thiab ua haujlwm tsis yog nrog cov khoom siv khiav xwb. Kev kho lub cav tsheb, tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv roj yog ib qho ntawm cov kev pabcuam no.

Zoo kawg

Yog li, peb pom qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev kuaj xyuas lub tsheb ncua thiab kho cov kev xaiv. Yuav ua li caskoj pom, ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv feem ntau yog nce knocks, backlash thiab suab nrov thaum txav. Ib qho kev pabcuam raug ncua (txawm nws tsim) yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntsiag to tawm tag nrho cov pob lossis, yam tsawg kawg, tsis txhob ua cov suab nrov thiab kev vibrations. Yog tias pom muaj, qhov no yog lub sijhawm rau kev kuaj mob kom ntxaws ntawm lub chassis. Ua qhov haujlwm no ntawm koj tus kheej, nws tsim nyog tau txais lub qhov pom. Tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau - tsuas yog txhais tes txawj ntse thiab lub pob khawm kom kuaj xyuas qhov mob ntawm cov levers thiab pob pob qij txha.

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